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Ibn Hawqal

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Muhammad Abū al-Qāsim Ibn Ḥawqal (محمد أبو القاسم بن حوقل) was a 10th-century Arab geographer, traveler, and chronicler whose seminal work Ṣūrat al-ʾArḍ (“The Face of the Earth”) offers vivid accounts of the Islamic world and its surroundings.